Miguel here like most students, is having trouble with his schoolwork. He finds it hard to concentrate on his work. He is tired and cannot sleep and during the day, and gets mad easily in the day and lets that out on his roommates. Also, he blames himself for making a small mistake and doubts himself in accomplishing anything.
There are many ways to interpret his behaviors depending on what school of thought one chooses.
Psychoanalytic Theory: Freud believed that life was a constant competition among unconscious forces trying to reach conscious forces. He would say that childhood experiences set the stage for later psychology functions. Freud would think that Miguel had something in his childhood that held him back from correctly learning how to study or something discouraged him from getting the highest grades possible. In terms of focus, Freud believed there were certain milestones needed to achieve for emotional adjustment. So possibly, Miguel never fixed his bad habit of concentration in the window of time he should have. In terms of Miguel’s anger issues with others and himself, it might be an imbalance of tensions and push and pull from internal desires to do better between his conscious and subconscious psyche, all which should govern all his behavior in the Freudian school of thought.
Behaviorism Theory: Pavlov believed that every stimuli gives way to response, response gives way to a consequence, and the future responds to stimuli. So, for Miguel, there must have been a stimuli. The stimuli could’ve been a distracting home environment and he might have been held down to high standards by his parents, which made him feel like he has to do everything right. However, he doesn’t think he can; which could have been a result of a bad grade or two. After getting certain amount of not-so-good grades, Miguel might have been conditioned to believe that he cannot do any better and that he is incapable. The bad grades could then be, in a way, negative reinforcements, in Skinner’s words. It increased the likelihood of him avoiding the undesired outcome by not studying.
Humanistic Psychology: Perhaps in Miguel’s case, he did not believe in himself and did not find his strength based and focused on how he grew. Maybe Miguel did not see that he had freedom to grow and improve and this caused all this self doubt and self hatred.
Cognitive Psychology: Cognitive psychologists would study how the inner workings of Miguel’s brain affect him. The way he processes info might be different from others and affect him in concentrating. Also, maybe the way he thinks and processes information as he develops has affected him in such a way to stress him out and not allow him to get enough sleep at night because of all those firing of neurons going on in his head.
Biologic Perspective: This branch focuses on behavioral genetics as well as evolutionary psychology. So for Miguel, his the way society is organized must have affected his behavior in such a way for him to blame himself and get mad at others easily without much thought.
Cultural Psychology: Focuses on how mental processes and behaviors differ in different cultures but some are universal and some are in fact specific. This doesn’t really apply I think too much. All I can think of is how perhaps in such asian cultures, schools are super competitive and as such, most students will only think about school and will not allow failure to be the result and will keep on working instead of just giving up and thinking that you cannot do it.